Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids are hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex and play an important role in the regulation of inflammation, stress and metabolism. They are also known as cortisone or cortisol and can be used to treat various diseases in dogs. In this article you will learn more about glucocorticoids in dogs: How they work, when they are used and what their advantages and disadvantages are.
How do glucocorticoids work in dogs?
Glucocorticoids have an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect, i.e. they suppress the body's immune response. This can be beneficial in certain diseases such as allergies, autoimmune diseases or cancer. However, glucocorticoids can also increase blood sugar levels, raise blood pressure and promote water excretion. They also influence the behavior and mood of dogs.
When are glucocorticoids used in dogs?
Glucocorticoids are mainly administered to dogs as medication, either in the form of tablets, injections or ointments. They can be used in the short or long term, depending on the type and severity of the disease. The most common areas of application are
- Allergic skin diseases such as neurodermatitis or flea infestations
- Chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis or bronchitis
- Autoimmune diseases such as lupus or Addison's disease
- Cancers such as lymphomas or mast cell tumors
- Shock conditions or serious injuries
What are the pros and cons of glucocorticoids in dogs?
Glucocorticoids can quickly and effectively relieve symptoms such as itching, pain or respiratory distress in dogs. They can also be life-saving if the dog goes into shock or has a tumor. However, glucocorticoids also have side effects, which can vary depending on the dose, duration and individual sensitivity. Possible side effects are
- Increased thirst and hunger
- Weight gain and disturbance of fat distribution
- Muscle atrophy and weakness
- Hair loss and thin skin
- Gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea or ulcers
- Susceptibility to infections and delayed wound healing
- Behavioral changes such as restlessness or depression
- Hormonal disorders such as diabetes or Cushing's syndrome
How can you help your dog if he is on glucocorticoids?
If your dog is receiving glucocorticoids as medication, there are a few things you should bear in mind to ensure that he tolerates the treatment well. These include
- Follow your vet's instructions exactly and give your dog the right dose at the right time.
- Reduce the dose slowly after consulting your vet when you stop the treatment. Sudden discontinuation can lead to a life-threatening hormone deficiency.
- Offer your dog plenty of fresh water and adjust the food ration to its weight.
- Provide regular exercise and activity to strengthen his muscles and his mind.
Glucocorticoids have an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect, but can also cause side effects such as increased blood sugar and blood pressure, increased water excretion and behavioral changes in dogs. They are used to treat various diseases such as allergies, autoimmune diseases and cancer. The advantages and disadvantages of using glucocorticoids depend on the dog's individual situation and treatment should be carried out under veterinary supervision.
If you notice any signs of hypersensitivity or poisoning in your dog, you should see your vet immediately. We are not a substitute for a vet, but we try to be as accurate as possible. Every dog reacts differently and we recommend you get a second opinion or consult your vet if in doubt.
Stay healthy and take good care of your four-legged friend!😊
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