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Keratitis

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea of the eye, which can have various causes in dogs. The cornea is the transparent layer that covers the iris and pupil and allows light into the eye. If the cornea is inflamed, this can lead to pain, redness, tearing and impaired vision. In this article, you can find out more about the symptoms, causes and treatment options for keratitis in dogs.

Symptoms of keratitis in dogs

The symptoms of keratitis in dogs can vary depending on the severity and cause of the inflammation. The most common signs include:

  • Redness of the eye or eyelids
  • Increased tearing or discharge from the eye
  • Blinking or squinting of the eye
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Change in the color or shape of the cornea
  • Ulcers or scratches on the cornea
  • Blurred vision or blindness

If you notice one or more of these symptoms in your dog, you should take them to the vet as soon as possible to get an accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Causes of keratitis in dogs

Keratitis in dogs can have various causes, which can be divided into two categories: infectious and non-infectious.

Infectious keratitis

Infectious keratitis is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites that enter the eye and cause inflammation. The most common pathogens include

Infectious keratitis can be favored by various factors, such as

  • Injuries or foreign bodies in the eye
  • Weak immune system
  • Chronic eye diseases such as dry eye or conjunctivitis
  • Contact with infected animals or people

Non-infectious keratitis

Non-infectious keratitis is not caused by microorganisms, but by other factors that irritate or damage the cornea. The most common include:

  • Allergies
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Hereditary corneal dystrophies
  • Exposure to UV light or chemicals
  • Hormonal disorders such as diabetes or hypothyroidism

Non-infectious keratitis can also be caused by injuries or foreign bodies in the eye that do not cause infection.

Treatment of keratitis in dogs

The treatment of keratitis in dogs depends on the cause and severity of the inflammation. It usually involves the following steps:

  • Cleaning the eye of dirt, discharge or foreign bodies
  • Application of eye drops or ointments with antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals or antiparasitics depending on the pathogen
  • Application of eye drops or ointments with anti-inflammatory or pain-relieving agents such as corticosteroids or NSAIDs
  • Application of artificial tears or gels to moisturize the cornea
  • Administration of oral medication for the treatment of systemic diseases such as diabetes or hypothyroidism
  • Surgical procedures to remove ulcers, scratches or scars on the cornea

The duration of treatment may vary depending on the case, but it is important that you follow your vet's instructions carefully and go for regular check-ups. If you stop the treatment too early or do not carry it out properly, it can lead to complications such as corneal perforation, infection or blindness.

Prevention of keratitis in dogs

To prevent keratitis in dogs, you should take a few precautions, such as

  • Keep your dog's eyes clean and dry
  • Trim the hair around the eyes regularly to avoid irritation
  • Avoid your dog's contact with infected animals or people
  • Protect your dog's eyes from UV light or chemicals with sunglasses or a protective spray
  • Feed your dog a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants
  • Have your dog examined regularly by a vet to detect and treat chronic eye diseases early on

Keratitis in dogs is a serious condition that can affect your dog's vision and quality of life. By recognizing the symptoms early and initiating appropriate treatment, you can increase your dog's chances of recovery and avoid complications. Remember that your dog's eyes are very sensitive and need your care.

The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.

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