Bleeding tendency

What is bleeding tendency?

Bleeding tendency means that the blood no longer clots properly. This can lead to your dog bleeding profusely from minor injuries or to internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening. Bleeding diathesis can be congenital or acquired. Congenital bleeding tendency is usually due to a genetic defect that impairs the formation or function of clotting factors. Acquired bleeding tendency can be triggered by various factors, such as

• Medications that inhibit blood clotting (e.g. aspirin, warfarin)
• Toxins that damage the liver (e.g. rat poison, chocolate)
• Infections that destroy the blood platelets (e.g. parvovirus, ehrlichiosis)
• Autoimmune diseases that turn the immune system against the body's own blood (e.g. immune thrombocytopenia)
• Cancers that infiltrate the bone marrow (e.g. leukemia, lymphoma)

How do I recognize a bleeding tendency in my dog?

Bleeding tendency can manifest itself in various ways. The most common symptoms are

• Frequent nosebleeds
• Bleeding gums
• Blood in urine or feces
• Bruises or hematomas under the skin
• Bruising or swelling of the joints
• Weakness, tiredness or apathy
• Paleness of the mucous membranes
• Rapid breathing or heartbeat
• Shock or collapse

If you notice one or more of these symptoms in your dog, you should see a vet immediately. They can carry out a blood test to determine the cause of the bleeding tendency and initiate appropriate treatment.

How do I treat bleeding diathesis in my dog?

The treatment of bleeding tendency depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, drug therapy may be sufficient to improve clotting or address the underlying cause. In other cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary to compensate for blood loss or to replace missing clotting factors. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove or repair the bleeding source.

The prognosis for dogs with a bleeding tendency depends on the severity and progression of the condition. Some dogs can live with a good quality of life if they are monitored and treated regularly. Other dogs may die from complications such as organ failure or brain hemorrhage.

How can I prevent bleeding tendencies in my dog?

Bleeding diathesis is not always preventable, but you can take some steps to reduce the risk:

• Get your dog vaccinated and dewormed regularly to prevent infections.
• Avoid giving your dog medication that can affect clotting without consulting a vet first.
• Keep your dog away from toxic substances that can damage his liver.
• Have your dog spayed or neutered to reduce the risk of hormone-related tumors.
• Have your dog genetically tested if you have a breed that is predisposed to congenital bleeding tendencies.