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Sticker sarcoma

Sticker sarcoma, also known as transmissible venereal tumor (TVT), is a rare and contagious type of cancer that affects dogs. It is transmitted through sexual contact or by licking, biting or sniffing infected parts of the body. In this article you will learn more about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of sticker sarcoma in dogs.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of sticker sarcoma are:

  • Ulcers or nodules on the genitals, muzzle, mouth or skin
  • Bleeding or discharge from the ulcers
  • Pain or itching in the affected areas
  • Weight loss, loss of appetite or lethargy
  • Enlarged lymph nodes

Symptoms may vary depending on the stage and location of the tumor. Some dogs show no or only mild symptoms, while others are severely affected.

Diagnosis

Sticker sarcoma is diagnosed by a clinical examination and a tissue sample (biopsy) of the tumors. The biopsy is taken under anesthesia and analyzed under a microscope. This allows the typical cells of the tumor to be identified, which differ from normal cells.

Treatment

The treatment of sticker sarcoma depends on the stage, localization and general condition of the dog. The most common treatment methods are

  • Chemotherapy: this involves administering drugs that inhibit or kill the growth of the tumor cells. Chemotherapy can be administered orally, intravenously or intratumorally. The duration of treatment and the dosage depend on the individual case. Chemotherapy is usually very effective and often leads to a complete cure of the dog.
  • Surgery: The ulcers are surgically removed. Surgery is particularly useful for small and localized tumours. It can be combined with chemotherapy to reduce the risk of recurrence.
  • Radiation: The tumors are irradiated with high-energy rays that destroy the tumor cells. Radiation is particularly suitable for tumors in hard-to-reach areas such as the mouth or nose. It can also be used as a supplement to chemotherapy or surgery.
  • Immunotherapy: This involves administering substances to the dog that stimulate the immune system and increase its resistance to the tumor. Immunotherapy is still being researched and is usually offered as an experimental therapy.

Prevention

The best way to prevent sticker sarcoma is to castrate or sterilize the dog to avoid sexual contact with infected dogs. You should also have your dog examined regularly and look out for changes to the genitals, muzzle, mouth or skin. If you suspect sticker sarcoma, you should consult a vet immediately and start treatment.

Sticker sarcoma is a serious disease, but it is easily curable with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.

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