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Prostate problems

Prostate problems are a common problem in older male dogs. The prostate is a gland located below the urinary bladder and is responsible for the production of seminal fluid. If the prostate is enlarged or inflamed, this can lead to pain, blood in the urine or stool, difficulty urinating or defecating and sexual problems. In this article you will learn about the causes and symptoms of prostate problems in dogs, how they can be diagnosed and treated and how you can prevent them.

Causes of prostate problems in dogs

The most common cause of prostate problems in dogs is a benign enlargement of the prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This usually occurs in non-castrated male dogs from middle age and is related to the hormone testosterone. The prostate grows under the influence of testosterone and can therefore put pressure on the surrounding organs.

Another possible cause of prostate problems in dogs is a bacterial infection of the prostate, also known as prostatitis. This can be triggered by various pathogens that enter the prostate via the bloodstream or the urethra. Prostatitis can be acute or chronic and lead to fever, loss of appetite, lethargy and pus in the urine.

More rarely, tumors of the prostate can also lead to symptoms. These can be benign or malignant and can manifest themselves in the form of lumps or hardenings in the prostate. Tumors can accelerate the growth of the prostate or lead to bleeding.

Symptoms of prostate problems in dogs

The symptoms of prostate problems in dogs can vary depending on the cause and severity. Typical signs are

  • Frequent or difficult urination
  • Blood in the urine or stool
  • Pain when urinating or defecating
  • Changes in gait or posture
  • Back pain or lameness
  • Loss of weight or muscle mass
  • Reduced sexual activity or infertility
  • Fever, loss of appetite or lethargy (in the case of an infection)

If you notice one or more of these symptoms in your dog, you should consult a vet to determine the exact cause and start appropriate treatment.

Diagnosis of prostate problems in dogs

To diagnose prostate problems in dogs, the vet will first carry out a clinical examination. He will assess the prostate by palpating the rectum. An enlarged, hardened or painful prostate can indicate a disease.

The vet will also take a urine sample and examine it for blood, bacteria or pus. A blood test can provide information about the dog's general state of health and provide indications of an infection or tumor.

To assess the structure and function of the prostate in more detail, the vet can also use imaging techniques such as X-rays, ultrasound or computer tomography. These can help to determine the size, shape and position of the prostate and detect possible changes such as cysts, abscesses or tumors.

Treatment of prostate problems in dogs

The treatment of prostate problems in dogs depends on the cause and severity of the condition. The most common treatment options are

  • Neutering: neutering is the most effective way to prevent or treat benign enlargement of the prostate. By removing the testicles, testosterone production is stopped and the prostate shrinks within a few weeks. Castration can also reduce the risk of prostate tumors.
  • Antibiotics: A bacterial infection of the prostate is treated with antibiotics, which must be administered over several weeks. It is important to carry out the therapy to the end in order to avoid a relapse. The vet will select the appropriate antibiotic based on a bacterial culture.
  • Painkillers: To relieve the pain and inflammation of the prostate, the vet may prescribe anti-inflammatory or analgesic medication. However, these should only be taken under veterinary supervision as they can have side effects.
  • Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to treat prostate disease. The prostate can be partially or completely removed, depending on the type and extent of the problem. However, surgery carries risks and complications and should only be considered as a last resort.

Prevention of prostate problems in dogs

To prevent prostate problems in dogs, there are a few things you can do, such as

  • Have your dog checked regularly by the vet, especially as he gets older or is not neutered.
  • Have your dog neutered if you don't want to breed with him. This can have many health benefits and reduce the risk of prostate disease.
  • Make sure your dog has a balanced diet and gets enough exercise. This can boost his immune system and prevent obesity, which will have a positive effect on his health.
  • Observe your dog for possible signs of prostate problems and consult a vet if necessary. The earlier a disease is detected and treated, the better the chances of recovery.

Prostate problems in dogs are no reason to panic, but they should not be ignored either. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, you can give your dog a long and happy life.

The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.

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