Metronidazole

What is metronidazole and what is it used for?

Metronidazole is an active substance that interferes with DNA formation in bacteria and thus prevents them from multiplying and surviving. Metronidazole is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria, i.e. bacteria that can live without oxygen. It is also effective against some parasites, such as giardia and trichomonads, which often cause diarrhea in dogs.

Metronidazole is mainly used in dogs to treat diarrhea and inflammation of the large intestine (colitis) caused by these bacteria or parasites. Metronidazole can also help with other infections, for example in the mouth, bones or central nervous system.

How is metronidazole dosed and administered?

Metronidazole is available as tablets, capsules or as a liquid for injection. The dosage depends on the disease, the body weight and the general condition of your dog. Your vet will prescribe the correct dose for your dog and tell you how often you should give the medication.

The usual dosage of metronidazole for dogs is between 14 and 22 mg per kilogram of body weight per day. For severe infections, the dose can be up to 44 mg per kilogram of body weight per day. The dose is usually divided into two doses per day.

It is best to give metronidazole with some food so that your dog swallows it more easily. The tablets should not be crushed or divided as they have a very bitter taste. The liquid is only injected by the vet.

The duration of treatment with metronidazole depends on the disease. In the case of Giardia infestation, a treatment of five days is usually recommended. For other infections, treatment may take longer. You should always give the medication for as long as your vet tells you, even if your dog looks better. If you stop the treatment too early, the bacteria or parasites may return.

What side effects can metronidazole have?

Metronidazole is a relatively well-tolerated drug, but like any drug it can have side effects. The most common side effects are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and diarrhea. These can occur if your dog does not tolerate the medication well or is given too high a dose.

In rare cases, metronidazole can also have neurological side effects, such as tremors, convulsions or balance problems. These can occur if your dog has a hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or is given too high a dose.

If you notice side effects in your dog, you should contact your vet immediately. They will tell you whether you should stop the medication or adjust the dose.