Metabolic disorders
Metabolic disorders are diseases that affect the normal course of chemical reactions in a dog's body. They can have various causes, such as genetic defects, hormonal disorders, infections or poisoning. In this article, you will learn more about the most common metabolic disorders in dogs and how to recognize and treat them.
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is one of the best-known metabolic disorders in dogs. It occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body does not react properly to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Without enough insulin, blood sugar rises and can lead to serious consequences.
The symptoms of diabetes mellitus in dogs are
- Frequent drinking and urination
- Weight loss despite a good appetite
- Weakness and tiredness
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Poor wound healing
- Cataracts
Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed by a blood and urine test at the vet. Treatment consists of adjusting the diet and regular administration of insulin. The blood sugar level must be checked regularly to find the right dose. With good therapy, dogs with diabetes mellitus can lead a normal life.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder caused by a lack of thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland is a gland in the neck that is responsible for metabolism, growth and development. If the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, the metabolism slows down and various symptoms occur.
The symptoms of hypothyroidism in dogs are
- Weight gain despite reduced appetite
- Hair loss and dry skin
- Sensitivity to cold and lethargy
- Muscle weakness and joint stiffness
- Behavioral changes such as depression or aggression
Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by a blood test carried out by a vet. Treatment consists of lifelong administration of thyroid hormones in tablet form. The dose must be adjusted individually and checked regularly. With the right therapy, dogs with hypothyroidism can improve their quality of life.
Cushing's syndrome
Cushing's syndrome is a metabolic disorder caused by an excess of cortisol. Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland and is involved in the stress response, immune system and metabolism. If the adrenal gland produces too much cortisol or if the dog is given medication containing cortisol, an imbalance in the hormone balance occurs.
The symptoms of Cushing's syndrome in dogs are:
- Frequent drinking and urination
- Thin skin and hair loss
- Big belly and muscle wasting
- Increased appetite and thirst
- Susceptibility to infections and poor wound healing
- Nervousness and restlessness
Cushing's syndrome is diagnosed by a blood and urine test at the vet. Treatment depends on the cause. If the adrenal gland produces too much cortisol, it can be surgically removed or inhibited with medication. If the dog is receiving cortisol-containing medication, the dose must be reduced or discontinued. The therapy must be carefully monitored to avoid side effects.
Metabolic disorders in dogs are serious conditions that require early diagnosis and consistent treatment. If you notice signs of a metabolic disorder in your dog, you should take him to the vet as soon as possible. With good care, you can give your dog a long and happy life.
The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.
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