Histaminosis

Causes of histaminosis

The causes of histaminosis are not fully understood, but there are some factors that may increase the risk. These include:

• Genetic predisposition: Some dog breeds are more prone to histaminosis than others, for example boxers, bull terriers or Dalmatians.
• Diet: Some foods contain high amounts of histamine or can promote the release of histamine in the body. These include, for example, fish, cheese, sausages, chocolate and alcohol.
• Medication: Some medications can affect histamine production or the breakdown of histamine in the body. These include, for example, antibiotics, painkillers, vaccines and hormones.
• Environmental factors: Some environmental stimuli can trigger allergic reactions or inflammations that lead to an increased release of histamine. These include, for example, pollen, mold, dust, insect bites or chemicals.

Diagnosis of histaminosis

The diagnosis of histaminosis is not easy, as the symptoms can be very variable and non-specific. To determine the disease, the vet must take a thorough medical history and physically examine the dog. They may also carry out blood tests or skin tests to measure the histamine level in the blood or the reaction to certain allergens.

Treatment of histaminosis

The treatment of histaminosis depends on the severity of the symptoms and the underlying cause. The most important measures are:

• Avoidance of triggers: If possible, one should try to identify and avoid the factors that trigger a histamine reaction in the dog. This can mean, for example, changing the diet, adjusting the medication or reducing contact with allergens.
• Drug therapy: The vet can prescribe medication for the dog that inhibits the effect or release of histamine. These include, for example, antihistamines, corticosteroids or mast cell stabilizers.
• Symptomatic treatment: The vet can also give the dog medication to alleviate the symptoms. These include, for example, skin creams, eye drops or stomach protectors.

Prognosis of histaminosis

The prognosis of histaminosis depends on the severity of the disease and the response to treatment. In most cases, the symptoms can be well controlled and the dog's quality of life improved. In rare cases, however, severe complications can occur, such as anaphylactic shock or a stomach ulcer. It is therefore important to have the dog examined regularly by a vet and to adjust its therapy.