Heart failure

What is heart failure?

Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is no longer able to adequately fulfill its function as a pump. There can be various reasons for this, for example a congenital heart malformation, inflammation of the heart muscle, heart valve disease or an enlargement of the heart. The reduced pumping function leads to blood congestion in the vessels, which results in increased pressure in the lungs and in the body's circulation. This in turn can lead to fluid accumulation in the lungs (pulmonary edema), in the abdomen (ascites) or under the skin (edema). It can also lead to an undersupply of oxygen and nutrients to the organs, which can result in organ damage or failure.

How do I recognize heart failure in my dog?

The symptoms of heart failure in dogs can vary depending on the severity and cause. Some common signs are:

• Coughing, especially at night or during exertion
• Shortness of breath or rapid breathing
• Blue tongue or mucous membranes
• Weakness or fatigue
• Weight loss or loss of appetite
• Bloated abdomen or swollen legs
• Fainting or collapse
• Irregular or rapid heartbeat

If you notice one or more of these symptoms in your dog, you should take him to the vet as soon as possible. The vet can make an accurate diagnosis and determine the cause of the heart failure. They can carry out various tests, such as a blood count, an X-ray, an ECG or an ultrasound of the heart.

How is heart failure in dogs treated?

The treatment of heart failure in dogs depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, surgery may be necessary, for example to repair a defective heart valve or correct a heart malformation. In other cases, drug therapy may be sufficient to alleviate the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Commonly used medications include:

• Diuretics, which promote fluid elimination and lower blood pressure
• ACE inhibitors, which dilate the blood vessels and reduce resistance in the circulation
• Beta blockers, which slow down the heartbeat and relieve the heart
• Digitalis, which increases the contractility of the heart and regulates the rhythm

In addition to medical treatment, it is important that you provide your dog with a healthy diet and an appropriate lifestyle. You should make sure that your dog does not become overweight and that he drinks enough water. You should also offer him regular exercise, but don't overdo it. Your vet can help you create a personalized plan for your dog.

How can I prevent heart failure in my dog?

Heart failure is a disease that is not always preventable. Some dogs have a genetic predisposition or a congenital heart defect that can lead to heart failure. Other dogs can suffer heart damage from infections, parasites or other illnesses that can lead to heart failure. However, there are some steps you can take to reduce your dog's risk of heart failure. These include:

• Have your dog checked regularly by your vet, especially as they get older or belong to a high-risk group
• Have your dog vaccinated and dewormed to prevent infections and parasites
• Feed your dog a high-quality, balanced diet that meets its nutritional needs
• Avoid feeding your dog salty or fatty snacks that can raise their blood pressure
• Provide your dog with enough exercise, but don't overwork him
• Keep your dog away from stress and noise, which can strain his heart