Glaucoma
Glaucoma is an eye disease caused by increased intraocular pressure. The pressure can damage the optic nerves and lead to vision loss or blindness. Glaucoma can occur in both humans and dogs. In this article you will learn how to recognize and treat glaucoma in your dog.
What are the causes of glaucoma in dogs?
Glaucoma in dogs can be primary or secondary. Primary glaucoma is a hereditary condition that usually occurs in certain breeds such as Beagle, Basset Hound, Cocker Spaniel or Shar-Pei. Secondary glaucoma is a result of other eye problems such as inflammation, injury, tumors or lens luxation.
What are the symptoms of glaucoma in dogs?
Glaucoma can be acute or chronic. Acute glaucoma is a medical emergency characterized by sudden pain, redness, clouding or enlargement of the eye. The dog may also be restless, howl, vomit or lose the desire to eat. Chronic glaucoma is a gradual process that manifests itself through slow changes in the eye such as paleness, glaucoma or corneal changes. The dog may also lose vision or become blind.
How is glaucoma diagnosed in dogs?
To diagnose glaucoma in your dog, you should see a vet who can perform a thorough eye examination. The vet can measure the intraocular pressure using a special device called a tonometer. Normal intraocular pressure is between 10 and 25 mmHg. Elevated intraocular pressure indicates glaucoma. The vet may also perform other tests such as ultrasound, x-rays or blood tests to determine the cause and severity of the glaucoma.
How is glaucoma treated in dogs?
The treatment of glaucoma in dogs depends on the cause and stage of the disease. The aim of treatment is to lower the intraocular pressure and relieve the pain. Treatment can be medication or surgery.
Drug treatment: The vet may prescribe eye drops or tablets for your dog that affect the outflow or production of aqueous humor in the eye. These medications must be used regularly to control the intraocular pressure.
Surgical treatment: If drug treatment is not sufficient or the eye is irreparably damaged, surgery may be necessary. There are different types of surgery that can improve the drainage of the aqueous humor or remove the eye. The surgery can be performed with a laser or a scalpel.
How can you help your dog with glaucoma?
If your dog has glaucoma, you can help him by:
- Giving his medication regularly and checking his eyes daily
- Relieving his pain with painkillers and giving him lots of love and attention
- Adapting his environment to his visual impairment and providing him with safety and orientation
- Promote his eye health with a balanced diet and regular visits to the vet
Primary glaucoma in dogs is usually hereditary and affects certain breeds. Secondary glaucoma occurs as a result of other eye problems. Symptoms can be acute or chronic, and diagnosis requires a thorough eye examination by a veterinarian who measures intraocular pressure and performs other tests. Treatment may be medication or surgery, depending on the cause and stage of glaucoma. Support for the dog includes regular medication, pain relief, environmental adjustments and promotion of eye health.
The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.
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