Gastrointestinal ulcer

Causes of gastrointestinal ulcers in dogs

There are many possible causes of gastrointestinal ulcers in dogs, but some of the most common are:

• The use of medications that can irritate or damage the stomach lining, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids or aspirin.
• An infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which attacks the stomach lining and causes inflammation.
• A chronic illness that increases acidity in the stomach, such as kidney failure, liver disease or Cushing's syndrome.
• Trauma or injury to the gastrointestinal tract, such as foreign bodies, tumors or surgery.
• Stress, which can lead to increased secretion of stomach acid.

Signs of gastrointestinal ulcers in dogs

The symptoms of a gastrointestinal ulcer in dogs can vary depending on the severity and location of the ulcer. Some of the most common signs are:

• Vomiting of blood or coffee grounds-like material
• Black, tarry or bloody stools
• Loss of appetite or weight loss
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Lethargy or weakness
• Pale mucous membranes or anemia

Treatment options for gastrointestinal ulcers in dogs

Treatment for a gastrointestinal ulcer in dogs depends on the cause, severity and condition of the dog. Some of the possible treatment options include:

• Discontinuing or adjusting the medications that may have caused or worsened the ulcer.
• The administration of antibiotics to fight an infection with Helicobacter pylori.
• The administration of medications that reduce or neutralize stomach acid, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine receptor blockers (H2 blockers) or antacids.
• The administration of drugs that promote the healing of the mucous membrane, such as sucralfate or misoprostol.
• The administration of blood transfusions, fluid therapy or other supportive measures in the event of severe bleeding or shock.
• Surgical removal of foreign bodies, tumors or other obstructions in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Adjustment of the diet in order to protect and relieve the gastrointestinal tract. This may include low-fat, easily digestible and frequent feeding.