Skip to main content

Cysteine

Cysteine is an amino acid that is important for building proteins. It is also involved in the formation of glutathione, an antioxidant that protects cells from damage. Cysteine is found in many foods, such as meat, eggs, dairy products and nuts. But what does cysteine mean for your dog? Is it good or bad for him? In this article, you'll find out more about this ingredient and its pros and cons for your four-legged friend.

What is cystinuria?

Cystinuria is a hereditary metabolic disorder that occurs in some dog breeds. Too much cystine is excreted in the urine because the kidneys cannot absorb it properly. Cystine is not easily soluble in water and can therefore form crystals or stones in the bladder. These can lead to urinary tract infections, pain, blood in the urine or even urinary retention. Cystine stones often have to be surgically removed.

Cystinuria mainly occurs in breeds such as Dachshunds, Bassets, Munsterlanders, Irish Terriers, Bull Mastiffs, English Bulldogs, Chihuahuas, Scottish Terriers and Newfoundlands. Adult male dogs aged 3 to 5 years are usually affected.

How is cystinuria diagnosed?

If you suspect that your dog is suffering from cystinuria, you should have him examined by a vet. The vet will carry out a general examination and take an ultrasound and X-ray of the bladder. He will also take a urine sample and determine the kidney values in the blood. If cystine crystals or stones are found, they will be sent to a laboratory for analysis. There, the exact composition of the stones will be determined in order to plan further treatment and prevention.

How is cystinuria treated?

The treatment of cystinuria depends on the severity of the disease. In some cases, it is sufficient to adjust the diet and change the urine pH value. In other cases, surgery is required to remove the stones.

Change of diet

A change in diet can help to prevent or reduce the formation of cystine crystals or stones. You should keep the following points in mind:

  • Avoid cysteine-rich foods such as eggs, soy products, nuts and seeds as well as large amounts of meat.
  • Make sure your dog gets enough protein and sodium.
  • Set the urine pH value in the alkaline range (pH value > 7.3). You can achieve this by feeding potassium-rich foods such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, parsnips and celeriac.
  • Check your dog's urine pH regularly with test strips or at the vet.
  • Feed small portions several times a day instead of one large meal.

Operation

If the change in diet is not enough or if your dog has severe symptoms, an operation may be necessary. This involves removing the stones from the bladder. The operation is usually successful and has few complications. However, new stones may form again after the operation if the cause is not remedied.

How can cystinuria be prevented?

To reduce the risk of cystinuria or prevent a recurrence, you should take the following measures:

  • Increase your dog's water intake. This dilutes the urine and flushes the bladder. You can flavor the water with tuna water, cream, milk or yogurt to make it more appealing to your dog. However, change the water regularly.
  • Let your dog urinate frequently. This prevents the crystals from compacting into stones. Offer him a walk, especially before bedtime.
  • Have your dog checked regularly by the vet. This helps to detect and treat cystinuria at an early stage.
  • Avoid breeding with dogs that have cystinuria or are carriers. This prevents the disease from being passed on.

Cysteine is an important amino acid for dogs, but too much of it can lead to cystinuria. This is a hereditary disease that is more common in some dog breeds. Cystine crystals or stones form in the bladder, which can lead to pain and infections. The diagnosis is made by an examination by the vet and an analysis of the stones. Treatment consists of a change in diet, a change in urine pH and, if necessary, surgery. Prevention includes increased water intake, frequent urination, regular check-ups and responsible breeding.

Learn even more about Cysteine

The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.

We help you find the nearest vet → This way