Cortisol
Cortisol is a hormone that plays an important role in the stress response in dogs. It is produced in the adrenal cortex and helps the body to adapt to different situations.
Cortisol has many functions, such as
- The regulation of blood sugar levels
- Supporting the immune system
- Control of blood pressure
- Influencing the metabolism
How does stress affect cortisol levels?
Stress is a natural reaction of the body to a threat or challenge. Various hormones are released, including cortisol. Cortisol helps the dog to prepare for the stressful situation by providing energy and sharpening the senses. A short-term increase in cortisol levels is therefore normal and healthy.
However, problems can arise if the dog is exposed to stress permanently or frequently. The cortisol level can then be chronically elevated, which can have negative consequences for the dog's health and well-being. Too much cortisol can lead to the following symptoms, among others
- Weight loss or weight gain
- Hair loss or thin coat
- Susceptibility to infections or allergies
- Behavioral changes such as anxiety, aggression or depression
- Gastrointestinal problems or vomiting
- Diabetes or Cushing's syndrome
How can you lower cortisol levels?
If you suspect that your dog is suffering from chronic stress, you should first find out the cause and eliminate it if possible. This could be, for example
- An inappropriate attitude or diet
- Too little exercise or activity
- Too much noise or stimuli
- Conflicts with other dogs or people
- Pain or illness
You can also help your dog cope with stress by providing the following:
- A safe and quiet place to retreat to
- A fixed routine and structure in everyday life
- Positive reinforcement and praise for good behavior
- Relaxing massages or cuddles
- Toys or chewables to distract them
If you are unsure about the best way to help your dog, you can also consult a vet or dog trainer. They can give you individual tips and recommend medication if necessary.
Cortisol is an important hormone for the stress response in dogs. A short-term increase is normal and healthy, but a chronically elevated cortisol level can lead to many problems. You can help your dog to reduce his stress by providing him with species-appropriate housing, nutrition and activity and by giving him lots of love and security.
The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.
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