Computer tomography

What is a CT scan?

A CT scan is based on the principle of X-rays. An X-ray beam is sent through the dog's body and hits a detector that measures the intensity of the beam. Depending on how much the beam is attenuated, a gray-scale image is produced. By rotating the X-ray tube around the dog, many such images are taken from different angles. A computer then calculates three-dimensional cross-sectional images that show the structures of the body in high resolution.

How does a CT scan on dogs work?

To perform a CT scan on dogs, the dog usually has to be put under anesthesia. This is because he has to lie absolutely still to avoid blurred images. The examination can also be stressful for the dog as it is pushed into a narrow tube and hears loud noises. The anesthesia is monitored by a veterinarian and poses little risk to the dog.

The dog is placed on a couch that moves slowly into the tube. Depending on which part of the body is to be examined, the dog can lie on its back, side or stomach. Sometimes contrast agents are also injected to make certain organs or vessels more visible. The examination takes between 10 and 30 minutes, depending on its scope.

What are the advantages of a CT scan in dogs?

A CT scan in dogs has many advantages over other imaging methods such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Firstly, it is very fast and provides high-resolution images that can show even the smallest details. Secondly, it can differentiate between different types of tissue and thus detect tumors or inflammation, for example. It can also show bone fractures or joint damage that are difficult to see with other methods.

A CT scan can therefore help to make an accurate diagnosis or draw up a treatment plan. It can also be used to check the success of a therapy or rule out complications.

What are the risks of a CT scan in dogs?

A CT scan in dogs also has some disadvantages and risks that should be considered. Firstly, it is relatively expensive and not available everywhere. Secondly, it exposes the dog to a certain amount of radiation, which is low but can lead to damage if used frequently. For this reason, a CT scan should only be carried out if it is really necessary and other methods are not sufficient.

Another risk is anesthesia, which rarely leads to complications, but always carries a certain risk. Before a CT scan, the dog should therefore be thoroughly examined to rule out any pre-existing conditions or intolerances. After the examination, the dog should be closely observed until it is fully awake again.

When is a CT scan useful for dogs?

A CT scan in dogs is useful if other imaging methods are not sufficient or if a high level of detail is required. Typical areas of application are, for example

• Tumor diagnostics and therapy: a CT scan can help to determine the size, location and spread of a tumor and thus plan the optimal treatment. It can also be used to check the success of an operation or radiotherapy or to detect possible metastases.
• Traumatology: A CT scan can help to detect and assess bone fractures or joint damage that are difficult to see with other methods. It can also be used to detect or remove foreign bodies or bleeding in the body.
• Neurology: A CT scan can help to diagnose or rule out diseases or injuries of the brain or spinal cord. It can also be used to measure the pressure in the skull or to treat a cerebral hemorrhage.
• Thoracic and abdominal diagnostics: A CT scan can help to diagnose or rule out diseases or injuries to the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys or other internal organs. It can also be used to detect or drain accumulations of fluid or air in the chest or abdomen.