Cholesterol

What is cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that is found in all cells of the body. It is partly produced in the liver and partly absorbed through food. Cholesterol is transported in the blood, bound to special proteins called lipoproteins. There are two types of lipoproteins: LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) and HDL (High Density Lipoprotein). LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to the cells where it is needed. HDL transports excess cholesterol from the cells back to the liver, where it is broken down or excreted.

How is the cholesterol level measured?

The cholesterol level in the blood can be determined by a blood test at the vet. The total cholesterol level is measured as well as the values for LDL and HDL. The normal total cholesterol level in dogs is between 110 and 320 mg/dl. The normal LDL level is between 50 and 150 mg/dl. The normal HDL level is between 50 and 100 mg/dl.

What factors influence cholesterol levels?

Cholesterol levels in dogs can be influenced by various factors, such as

• Diet: A high-fat diet can increase cholesterol levels, especially if it contains a lot of saturated fat. A balanced diet with high-quality protein, fiber and unsaturated fats can lower cholesterol levels.
• Breed: Some dog breeds have genetically higher or lower cholesterol levels than others. Breeds with a higher risk of high cholesterol include the Beagle, Collie, Schnauzer and Shetland Sheepdog. Breeds with a lower risk include the Greyhound, Whippet and Saluki.
• Age: Cholesterol levels increase with age as liver function decreases and hormone production changes.
• Gender: Female dogs tend to have higher cholesterol levels than male dogs, especially if they are not neutered or are pregnant.
• Health: Various diseases can affect cholesterol levels, such as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland), Cushing's syndrome (overproduction of cortisol), kidney failure or liver disease.

What are the benefits of cholesterol?

Cholesterol is not only harmful to the body, but also has important functions. It is involved in the formation of hormones responsible for growth, reproduction and metabolism. It is also involved in the formation of vitamin D, which is important for bone health. It is also a component of cell membranes, which protect and stabilize cells.

What are the disadvantages of high cholesterol levels?

• Cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack or stroke
• Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)
• Liver diseases
• Skin problems such as sebaceous nodules or hair loss
• Nerve disorders such as seizures or paralysis

So how can you tell if your dog has high cholesterol? The symptoms are often unspecific or non-existent, so it is important to see a vet regularly and have blood tests carried out. The vet can also rule out or treat other conditions that may be causing high cholesterol.

If your dog has high cholesterol, there are several ways to lower it. The most important measure is a change in diet. You should give your dog low-fat food and avoid treats or only offer them in moderation. You should also make sure that your dog gets enough exercise and maintains its ideal weight. In some cases, the vet may also prescribe medication to lower the cholesterol level.